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Atomic Steps on Sapphire Surface

Sapphire crystal following annealing at 1400°C, leaving a clean surface with atomic steps and occasional
defects.  The steps are approximately 3 angstroms tall, 12µm scan. Imaged with the MFP-3D AFM.

Sample courtesy of F. Watanabe.
Image courtesy of S. MacLaren, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.